Brotherhoods of Navarre. Brotherhoods in Navarre were of two types. Some existed neighboring towns of two kingdoms, against the men of ill repute who stole from one kingdom and returned to their own. Others existed towns of the same kingdom, when the country's internal security required the persecution and punishment of those who attacked it.The first form was already put into practice in 1204 among the bordering towns of Navarre and Aragon, who met, through deputies, at the Estaca. On behalf of Navarre, the members of the junteros of Tudela, Arguedas, Valtierra, Cascante, Cadre ta, Alesues or Villafranca, Milagro, Falces, Santacara, Caparroso, Murillo el Fruto, Murillo de las Limas, and Carcastillo attended; and on behalf of Aragon, Tauste, Ejea, Luna, el Bayo, Luesia, Biota, and Erla. They agreed to help each other against those who harmed them and bound themselves to compensate each other for everything that might happen to them; also, that no brother or member of the brotherhood could arrest another member until they had informed the junteros in the meeting, unless they were guarantors or debtors. Likewise, if there was a challenge the brotherhoods, the members of the junteros would choose the combatants, each one respectively from those of his kingdom. In 1368, Charles II, wishing to extinguish the evildoers of Guipúzcoa and Lava, ordered the formation of a Brotherhood the towns of both kingdoms. In it, it was agreed that the town that had news of someone stealing or harming would ring the bells to warn the neighboring ones and that all together they would pursue the evildoers. This Brotherhood was renewed in 1407 by Charles III. Around 1469, a new Brotherhood was formed the towns of Navarre and Aragon. In this, a regulation against criminals was drawn up, in which the appointed court could even impose the death penalty. The cases were substantiated summarily.Of the second type, we have those formed in 1258 and 1281 to defend themselves against the powerful and knightly balderos. In the latter, a certain Lop Areciz Daroi was appointed captain and the Brotherhood troops "killed men, and despoiled, and burned palaces, and carried out all justice on the wrongdoers, and in the meantime the poor men were defended, and the lord was defended, and the land was at peace." There is news that in 1425 there were brotherhoods, with private mayors, destined to persecute criminals. That Juan López, mayor of Lecumberri, his brother Lope P riz, Pedro Miguel de Bertiz and several clergymen from Larraún, committed the excess of forcibly releasing a prisoner taken by the Brotherhood and its mayors and that the king ordered that proceedings be taken against the persons and property of the criminals and that their houses be demolished. It is also known that before the reign of Charles III, there was a Brotherhood, and that this monarch formed a new one, which included a commissioner from each merindad. Also in 1450, a Brotherhood was established in the Cortes of Olite for the peace, utility, and benefit of the kingdom. Among other things, it was established that the presidents and chief judges in each of the merindades would exercise the powers of such judges in matters concerning the Brotherhood. The mayor of Pamplona was president and judge. Expenses were covered through general distributions among the inhabitants of the kingdom. In 1488, the Cortes agreed on a contribution of 2 reales per fire. Around this time, it began to be called the Holy Brotherhood. The Brotherhood was usually established for one year. In 1496, the city of Tudela and the Roncal Valley refused to join the Brotherhood because they were at odds.These brotherhoods continued to form until the Cortes banned them in 1510. Although King Juan de Labrit proposed the formation of brotherhoods in 1511 to promote ordinary justice and intimidate criminals, the Cortes opposed this, seeing it as a way to mass arm the country.