Orography: introduction. The relief of Gipuzkoa is very mountainous. Most of its valleys are squeezed mountain ranges. The widest part corresponds to the valley of the Oria, the most important river in Gipuzkoa. The fertile plains are scarcer and less than in Vizcaya. We know those of Fuenterrabía, Irura, the Usúrbil-Aguinaga-Orio area, Zarauz and Deva. The mountains can be divided into four main areas: The watershed mountain range, from Arbarrain to Arlabán and Jarindo, a continuation of the Pyrenees; the central range, whose prominent nucleus is the Ernio. Mountains to the east, Peñas de Aya and Aralar; mountains to the west Peñas de Udalaitz and Mount Arno. To these should be added the buttresses that start in all these areas and form the walls of their complicated hydrography.
| Mountains of Gipuzkoa | |||
| Name | Massif/Sierra | Altitude | Access |
| Aitzgorri Akaitz Aketegi Aldaon Altzaldi Allarte Alleku Andarto Aranguren Arbarrain (Illaragorri) Arbelaitz Artia (Gaboño) Arantzaburu Amuategi-gaña Balerdi Elorretako altza (Kurutzeberri) Enaitz Erlo Ernio Erniozábal Ganbo Gazume Intzeko torrea (Irumugarrieta) Mandoegi Mugarriluze Pardarri Pin-pil Txindoki (Larrunarri) Uakorri Uarrain Udalaitz Umandia Urepel Zabalaitz | Aitzgorri Aloña Aitzgorri Aralar (Malloa) Aralar Zaraya Zaraya Alzania Aitzgorri Elguea Aitzgorri Elguea Aralar (Malloa) Zaraya Aitzgorri Izarraitz Ernio Ernio Aralar Ernio Aralar (Malloa) Elguea Aralar Aitzgorri Aralar Aralar (Malloa) Aralar Alzania Aitzgorri | 1.531 1.324 1.544 1.390 1.011 1.241 1.018 1.089 1.163 1.116 1.525 1.173 1.365 1.187 1.179 1.155 1.296 1.026 1.072 1.059 1.408 1.013 1.427 1.043 1.104 1.359 1.291 1.341 1.170 1.321 1.092 1.218 1.059 1.252 | Otzaurte (Pto.), Cegama, Aránzazu Bríncola, Oñate, Aránzazu Otzaurte (Pto.), Cegama, Aránzazu Amézqueta, Betelu (G. y N.) Plazaola (G. y N.) Otzaurte (Pto.), Araya (G. y A.) Lizarrusti (Pto.), (G. y N.) Oñate, Escoriaza Arechavaleta, Escoriaza Otzaurte (Pto.), Olazagutia, Araya (G. A. y N.) Cegama, Aránzazu Oñate Brincola, Aránzazu Arechavaleta, Escoriaza, Salinas de Léniz (G. y A.) Amézqueta, Azcárate (G. y N.) Arechavaleta Cegama, Bríncola, Aránzazu Azpeitia, Azcoitia, Cestona, Madariaga Tolosa, Asteasu, Régil, Vidania Tolosa, Hernialde Zaldivia, Amézqueta Tolosa, Asteasu, Régil, Vidania Amezqueta, Azcárate, Gainza (G. y N.) Plazaola, Arano (G. y N.) Arechavaleta, Arlaban (Pto.) (G. y A.) Amézqueta, Zaldivia Otzaurte (Pto.), Aránzazu, Araya (G. y A.) Amézqueta, Zaldivia Amézqueta, Azcárate (G. y N.) Amézqueta, Zaldivia Mondragón, Elorrio, Kanpanzar (Pto.), (G. y V.) Otzaurte (Pto.), Araya (G. y A.) Plazaola, Leiza, Arano (G. y N.) Otzaurte (Pto.), Aránzazu |
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