Municipality in western Middle Navarre, in Tierra Estella, located at the far western edge of the province, bordering Araba and La Rioja. It borders Aguilar de Codés and Aras to the north; the River Ebro and La Rioja to the south; Bargota to the east; and Labraza, Oion and Moreda de Álava to the west. The terrain is predominantly flat — 360 m on the banks of the Ebro —, somewhat more rugged in the northern part, where it is reached by the gentle foothills of the Codés mountain range, whose highest point is Alto de los Bojes, at 834 m. The area the town and the Las Cañas reservoir, as well as the banks of the Ebro, are zones of intensive irrigation; in the rest of the municipality, dry-farmed arable land predominates, with areas of olive groves and vineyards in the centre and southeast. The whole municipal district is watered by numerous irrigation channels and several small tributaries of the Ebro: the Cornaba, the Pellizuela, La Presa and the Valdearas, as well as by the Las Cañas reservoir to the southwest.
The town of Viana, located at 1º 19’ east longitude — Madrid meridian — and 42º 31’ north latitude, lies in the centre of the municipal district, at an altitude of 469 m, in a fertile plain of market gardens. The other population entity in the municipality is the district of Recajo, at the southern end, in a meander formed by the Ebro, with market gardens, mills and facilities for the use of hydraulic power. The urban centre of Viana, for its part, has taken shape over the centuries around the irregularly laid-out “plaza de armas”, founded in the Middle Ages.